Hogs and Pigs
Quarterly Hogs and Pigs
ISSN: 1949-1921
Released June 27, 2024, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service
(NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
United States Hog Inventory Up 1 Percent
United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on June 1, 2024 was 74.5 million
head. This was up 1 percent from
June 1, 2023, and up slightly from March 1, 2024.
Breeding inventory, at 6.01 million head, was down 3 percent from last year,
and down slightly from the previous quarter.
Market hog inventory, at 68.5 million head, was up 2 percent from last year,
and up slightly from last quarter.
The March-May 2024 pig crop, at 34.0 million head, was up 2 percent from
2023. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 2.94 million head, up
slightly from 2023. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 49
percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was 11.56 for
the March-May period, compared to 11.36 last year.
United States hog producers intend to have 2.96 million sows farrow during
the June-August 2024 quarter, down 3 percent from the actual farrowings
during the same period one year earlier, and down 4 percent from the same
period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for September-November 2024, at
2.94 million sows, are down 1 percent from the same period one year earlier,
and down 5 percent from the same period two years earlier.
The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000
head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 52 percent of the total United
States hog inventory, up 1 percent from the previous year.
Revisions
All inventory and pig crop estimates for June 2023 through March 2024 were
reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated
import and export data. The revision made to the March 2024 all hogs and pigs
inventory was 0.3 percent. The net revision made to the December 2023 all
hogs and pigs inventory was 0.7 percent. A net revision of 0.2 percent was
made to the September 2023-November 2023 pig crop.
Records
Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per
litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13.
This report was approved on June 27, 2024.
Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Seth Meyer
Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
Lance Honig
Contents
Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2023 and 2024................. 4
Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2022-2024................................... 5
Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2023 and 2024..... 5
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024................... 6
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024........................ 6
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024.................... 7
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024......................... 7
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023............... 8
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023.................... 8
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023................ 9
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023..................... 9
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2023 and 2024.. 10
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2023 and 2024.......... 10
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2022-2024............ 11
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2022-2024..... 11
Statistical Methodology.................................................................................... 12
Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates..................................................................... 12
Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present........................................................ 13
Information Contacts....................................................................................... 13
Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States:
2023 and 2024
[May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not
yet begun]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : 2024 as
Item : 2023 : 2024 : percent
: : : of 2023
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---- 1,000 head ---- percent
:
March 1 inventory :
All hogs and pigs.....................: 74,136 74,321 100
Kept for breeding...................: 6,146 6,016 98
Market..............................: 67,990 68,306 100
:
Market hogs and pigs by weight groups :
Under 50 pounds.....................: 20,444 20,749 101
50-119 pounds.......................: 19,049 19,363 102
120-179 pounds......................: 15,749 15,754 100
180 pounds and over.................: 12,748 12,440 98
:
June 1 inventory :
All hogs and pigs.....................: 73,551 74,486 101
Kept for breeding...................: 6,206 6,008 97
Market..............................: 67,345 68,479 102
:
Market hogs and pigs by weight groups :
Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,284 21,589 101
50-119 pounds.......................: 18,982 19,208 101
120-179 pounds......................: 14,344 14,630 102
180 pounds and over.................: 12,735 13,052 102
:
September 1 inventory :
All hogs and pigs.....................: 76,133
Kept for breeding...................: 6,179
Market..............................: 69,954
:
Market hogs and pigs by weight groups :
Under 50 pounds.....................: 22,542
50-119 pounds.......................: 20,505
120-179 pounds......................: 14,492
180 pounds and over.................: 12,415
:
December 1 inventory :
All hogs and pigs.....................: 75,461
Kept for breeding...................: 5,999
Market..............................: 69,463
:
Market hogs and pigs by weight groups :
Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,571
50-119 pounds.......................: 19,154
120-179 pounds......................: 14,908
180 pounds and over.................: 13,829
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2022-2024
[December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : : 2024 as percent of
: : : :-------------------------
Item : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2022 : 2023
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ---- percent ---
Sows farrowing :
December-February ......: 2,919 2,952 2,875 99 97
March-May ..............: 2,967 2,941 2,944 99 100
December-May 1/ ........: 5,886 5,893 5,819 99 99
:
June-August 2/ .........: 3,082 3,040 2,963 96 97
September-November 2/ ..: 3,092 2,962 2,945 95 99
June-November 1/ 2/ ....: 6,174 6,002 5,907 96 98
:
Pig crop :
December-February ......: 31,947 32,537 33,148 104 102
March-May ..............: 32,635 33,414 34,021 104 102
December-May 1/ ........: 64,582 65,951 67,168 104 102
:
June-August ............: 34,319 35,295
September-November .....: 34,701 34,538
June-November 1/ .......: 69,019 69,833
:
:
: ------------ number ----------- ---- percent ---
:
Pigs per litter :
December-February ......: 10.95 11.02 11.53 105 105
March-May ..............: 11.00 11.36 11.56 105 102
December-May ...........: 10.97 11.19 11.54 105 103
:
June-August ............: 11.13 11.61
September-November .....: 11.22 11.66
June-November ..........: 11.18 11.64
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ May not add due to rounding.
2/ Intentions for 2024.
Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States:
December-November 2023 and 2024
[December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/
Month :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --- 1,000 head -- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head ---
:
December........: 995 969 11.09 11.58 11,035 11,229
January.........: 996 954 10.83 11.52 10,784 10,993
February........: 961 952 11.15 11.48 10,718 10,926
March...........: 997 994 11.20 11.51 11,174 11,437
April...........: 975 974 11.43 11.52 11,138 11,220
May.............: 969 976 11.46 11.64 11,102 11,363
June............: 1,040 11.47 11,930
July............: 1,003 11.67 11,709
August..........: 997 11.69 11,656
September.......: 1,011 11.56 11,686
October.........: 987 11.66 11,507
November........: 964 11.77 11,344
:
Total...........: 11,894 11.42 135,784
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding.
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024
[May not add due to rounding]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Breeding : Market : Total
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as
: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent
: : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent
:
Colorado ........: 140 170 121 440 440 100 580 610 105
Illinois ........: 650 670 103 4,800 4,880 102 5,450 5,550 102
Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,150 4,150 100 4,400 4,400 100
Iowa ............: 900 820 91 22,900 24,280 106 23,800 25,100 105
Kansas ..........: 150 175 117 1,710 1,795 105 1,860 1,970 106
Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,125 1,075 96 1,240 1,190 96
Minnesota .......: 500 480 96 8,700 8,520 98 9,200 9,000 98
Missouri ........: 470 425 90 2,880 2,825 98 3,350 3,250 97
Nebraska ........: 395 400 101 3,205 3,350 105 3,600 3,750 104
North Carolina ..: 790 760 96 7,310 6,640 91 8,100 7,400 91
:
Ohio ............: 200 180 90 2,500 2,270 91 2,700 2,450 91
Oklahoma ........: 480 470 98 1,660 1,590 96 2,140 2,060 96
Pennsylvania ....: 135 150 111 1,185 1,310 111 1,320 1,460 111
South Dakota ....: 305 325 107 1,805 1,955 108 2,110 2,280 108
Texas ...........: 170 135 79 1,010 895 89 1,180 1,030 87
Utah ............: 35 35 100 255 55 22 290 90 31
:
Other States 1/ .: 461 456 99 2,355 2,276 97 2,816 2,731 97
:
United States ...: 6,146 6,016 98 67,990 68,306 100 74,136 74,321 100
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024
[Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds
: 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head
:
Colorado ........: 225 230 90 80 55 55 70 75
Illinois ........: 1,335 1,460 1,580 1,560 1,135 1,140 750 720
Indiana .........: 1,090 1,070 1,220 1,250 1,000 1,030 840 800
Iowa ............: 5,420 5,830 7,240 7,650 5,930 6,160 4,310 4,640
Kansas ..........: 410 450 385 435 355 385 560 525
Michigan ........: 330 330 305 295 250 220 240 230
Minnesota .......: 2,610 2,630 2,660 2,680 2,040 2,010 1,390 1,200
Missouri ........: 1,310 1,245 530 585 650 660 390 335
Nebraska ........: 1,010 1,135 910 930 750 780 535 505
North Carolina ..: 2,730 2,600 1,580 1,460 1,570 1,350 1,430 1,230
:
Ohio ............: 705 630 630 600 580 520 585 520
Oklahoma ........: 820 780 310 280 225 200 305 330
Pennsylvania ....: 325 360 355 395 265 300 240 255
South Dakota ....: 740 775 405 455 300 350 360 375
Texas ...........: 335 260 265 220 160 170 250 245
Utah ............: 105 35 55 6 45 7 50 7
:
Other States 1/ .: 944 929 529 482 439 417 443 448
:
United States ...: 20,444 20,749 19,049 19,363 15,749 15,754 12,748 12,440
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024
[May not add due to rounding]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Breeding : Market : Total
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as
: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent
: : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent
:
Colorado ........: 145 165 114 435 485 111 580 650 112
Illinois ........: 670 660 99 4,780 5,040 105 5,450 5,700 105
Indiana .........: 260 250 96 4,190 4,150 99 4,450 4,400 99
Iowa ............: 910 820 90 22,990 23,780 103 23,900 24,600 103
Kansas ..........: 155 170 110 1,755 1,830 104 1,910 2,000 105
Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,125 1,085 96 1,240 1,200 97
Minnesota .......: 520 500 96 8,380 8,700 104 8,900 9,200 103
Missouri ........: 455 415 91 2,795 2,935 105 3,250 3,350 103
Nebraska ........: 400 390 98 3,350 3,260 97 3,750 3,650 97
North Carolina ..: 800 770 96 7,000 6,830 98 7,800 7,600 97
:
Ohio ............: 190 180 95 2,410 2,270 94 2,600 2,450 94
Oklahoma ........: 470 480 102 1,710 1,600 94 2,180 2,080 95
Pennsylvania ....: 140 145 104 1,210 1,295 107 1,350 1,440 107
South Dakota ....: 315 335 106 1,885 1,945 103 2,200 2,280 104
Texas ...........: 180 130 72 950 950 100 1,130 1,080 96
Utah ............: 30 35 117 255 75 29 285 110 39
:
Other States 1/ .: 451 448 99 2,125 2,249 106 2,576 2,696 105
:
United States ...: 6,206 6,008 97 67,345 68,479 102 73,551 74,486 101
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024
[Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds
: 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head
:
Colorado ........: 200 240 100 100 60 70 75 75
Illinois ........: 1,340 1,500 1,610 1,620 1,040 1,140 790 780
Indiana .........: 1,080 1,050 1,260 1,230 980 970 870 900
Iowa ............: 6,150 6,250 7,130 7,420 5,300 5,480 4,410 4,630
Kansas ..........: 450 450 405 450 350 360 550 570
Michigan ........: 340 335 300 290 235 225 250 235
Minnesota .......: 2,850 2,890 2,590 2,720 1,600 1,660 1,340 1,430
Missouri ........: 1,290 1,310 540 570 610 665 355 390
Nebraska ........: 1,070 1,040 950 880 750 730 580 610
North Carolina ..: 2,720 2,720 1,530 1,460 1,420 1,350 1,330 1,300
:
Ohio ............: 690 620 610 580 560 520 550 550
Oklahoma ........: 840 770 360 330 195 200 315 300
Pennsylvania ....: 315 365 385 390 290 300 220 240
South Dakota ....: 755 815 410 425 345 340 375 365
Texas ...........: 265 285 275 250 165 195 245 220
Utah ............: 105 53 55 7 45 8 50 7
:
Other States 1/ .: 824 896 472 486 399 417 430 450
:
United States ...: 21,284 21,589 18,982 19,208 14,344 14,630 12,735 13,052
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023
[May not add due to rounding]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Breeding : Market : Total
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : :2023 as: : :2023 as: : :2023 as
: 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent
: : :of 2022: : :of 2022: : :of 2022
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent
:
Colorado ........: 135 140 104 365 470 129 500 610 122
Illinois ........: 600 670 112 4,650 4,830 104 5,250 5,500 105
Indiana .........: 260 270 104 4,140 4,330 105 4,400 4,600 105
Iowa ............: 950 900 95 22,650 24,000 106 23,600 24,900 106
Kansas ..........: 170 175 103 1,760 1,815 103 1,930 1,990 103
Michigan ........: 110 115 105 1,100 1,165 106 1,210 1,280 106
Minnesota .......: 520 510 98 8,480 8,590 101 9,000 9,100 101
Missouri ........: 430 420 98 2,920 3,030 104 3,350 3,450 103
Nebraska ........: 420 410 98 3,130 3,390 108 3,550 3,800 107
North Carolina ..: 820 800 98 7,580 7,300 96 8,400 8,100 96
:
Ohio ............: 200 200 100 2,500 2,500 100 2,700 2,700 100
Oklahoma ........: 510 460 90 1,760 1,800 102 2,270 2,260 100
Pennsylvania ....: 145 145 100 1,215 1,295 107 1,360 1,440 106
South Dakota ....: 305 320 105 1,795 1,900 106 2,100 2,220 106
Texas ...........: 170 160 94 1,050 1,050 100 1,220 1,210 99
Utah ............: 55 30 55 765 260 34 820 290 35
:
Other States 1/ .: 452 454 100 2,413 2,229 92 2,865 2,683 94
:
United States ...: 6,252 6,179 99 68,273 69,954 102 74,525 76,133 102
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023
[Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds
: 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over
State :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head
:
Colorado ........: 195 210 55 110 40 65 75 85
Illinois ........: 1,330 1,425 1,550 1,515 955 1,090 815 800
Indiana .........: 1,120 1,120 1,220 1,330 900 1,000 900 880
Iowa ............: 6,000 6,430 7,610 8,140 5,210 5,230 3,830 4,200
Kansas ..........: 445 490 440 430 350 355 525 540
Michigan ........: 340 355 300 320 235 240 225 250
Minnesota .......: 2,840 2,960 2,820 2,790 1,640 1,710 1,180 1,130
Missouri ........: 1,330 1,310 540 620 650 680 400 420
Nebraska ........: 1,090 1,130 840 960 680 720 520 580
North Carolina ..: 3,080 2,990 1,630 1,570 1,440 1,390 1,430 1,350
:
Ohio ............: 790 760 630 650 540 530 540 560
Oklahoma ........: 880 885 380 385 200 240 300 290
Pennsylvania ....: 340 370 360 410 290 310 225 205
South Dakota ....: 785 780 365 420 295 320 350 380
Texas ...........: 375 370 250 300 170 150 255 230
Utah ............: 230 95 180 60 180 50 175 55
:
Other States 1/ .: 943 862 507 495 468 412 495 460
:
United States ...: 22,113 22,542 19,677 20,505 14,243 14,492 12,240 12,415
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023
[May not add due to rounding]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Breeding : Market : Total
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : :2023 as: : :2023 as: : :2023 as
: 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent
: : :of 2022: : :of 2022: : :of 2022
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent
:
Colorado ........: 145 140 97 385 460 119 530 600 113
Illinois ........: 650 630 97 4,850 4,870 100 5,500 5,500 100
Indiana .........: 270 270 100 4,180 4,230 101 4,450 4,500 101
Iowa ............: 930 750 81 23,170 24,250 105 24,100 25,000 104
Kansas ..........: 175 170 97 1,735 1,800 104 1,910 1,970 103
Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,145 1,165 102 1,260 1,280 102
Minnesota .......: 490 510 104 8,510 8,790 103 9,000 9,300 103
Missouri ........: 440 430 98 2,910 2,670 92 3,350 3,100 93
Nebraska ........: 410 400 98 3,190 3,400 107 3,600 3,800 106
North Carolina ..: 800 780 98 7,500 7,120 95 8,300 7,900 95
:
Ohio ............: 200 190 95 2,550 2,410 95 2,750 2,600 95
Oklahoma ........: 490 485 99 1,690 1,635 97 2,180 2,120 97
Pennsylvania ....: 135 160 119 1,225 1,300 106 1,360 1,460 107
South Dakota ....: 300 345 115 1,810 1,955 108 2,110 2,300 109
Texas ...........: 160 150 94 1,070 990 93 1,230 1,140 93
Utah ............: 35 30 86 475 175 37 510 205 40
:
Other States 1/ .: 459 444 97 2,357 2,243 95 2,816 2,686 95
:
United States ...: 6,204 5,999 97 68,752 69,463 101 74,956 75,461 101
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023
[Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds
: 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head
:
Colorado ........: 200 205 75 100 45 65 65 90
Illinois ........: 1,380 1,455 1,630 1,530 1,015 1,070 825 815
Indiana .........: 1,060 1,080 1,220 1,260 980 960 920 930
Iowa ............: 6,110 6,310 7,130 7,480 5,580 5,700 4,350 4,760
Kansas ..........: 420 450 420 420 320 360 575 570
Michigan ........: 350 340 315 305 235 250 245 270
Minnesota .......: 2,910 2,890 2,530 2,660 1,660 1,730 1,410 1,510
Missouri ........: 1,300 1,160 560 490 640 630 410 390
Nebraska ........: 1,060 1,130 880 890 730 770 520 610
North Carolina ..: 2,950 2,760 1,700 1,520 1,430 1,370 1,420 1,470
:
Ohio ............: 730 710 660 550 560 520 600 630
Oklahoma ........: 830 740 320 345 230 210 310 340
Pennsylvania ....: 330 355 380 410 290 280 225 255
South Dakota ....: 740 790 410 420 310 350 350 395
Texas ...........: 380 270 270 270 200 170 220 280
Utah ............: 120 55 115 40 120 40 120 40
:
Other States 1/ .: 918 871 519 464 456 433 464 474
:
United States ...: 21,788 21,571 19,134 19,154 14,801 14,908 13,029 13,829
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2023 and 2024
[December preceding year. May not add due to rounding]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : 2024 as : : : : : 2024 as
State : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent
: : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2023
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent
:
Colorado ...........: 60 64 107 9.90 10.00 594 640 108
Illinois ...........: 280 300 107 10.60 11.00 2,968 3,300 111
Indiana ............: 125 120 96 11.25 11.30 1,406 1,356 96
Iowa ...............: 480 430 90 11.45 11.80 5,496 5,074 92
Kansas .............: 80 84 105 10.25 11.55 820 970 118
Michigan ...........: 55 53 96 10.70 11.40 589 604 103
Minnesota ..........: 260 260 100 11.95 12.20 3,107 3,172 102
Missouri ...........: 230 215 93 10.60 11.30 2,438 2,430 100
Nebraska ...........: 180 190 106 11.25 12.10 2,025 2,299 114
North Carolina .....: 410 385 94 10.70 11.15 4,387 4,293 98
:
Ohio ...............: 90 88 98 10.70 11.45 963 1,008 105
Oklahoma ...........: 205 185 90 10.15 10.90 2,081 2,017 97
Pennsylvania .......: 47 46 98 11.40 11.80 536 543 101
South Dakota .......: 142 161 113 12.80 12.80 1,818 2,061 113
Texas ..............: 73 66 90 11.40 11.70 832 772 93
Utah ...............: 14 12 86 9.60 11.90 134 143 107
:
Other States 2/ ....: 221 216 98 10.61 11.39 2,343 2,466 105
:
United States ......: 2,952 2,875 97 11.02 11.53 32,537 33,148 102
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold.
2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2023 and 2024
[May not add due to rounding]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2024 as
: 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent
: : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2023
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent
:
Colorado ...........: 62 75 121 10.40 10.20 645 765 119
Illinois ...........: 275 300 109 11.35 11.15 3,121 3,345 107
Indiana ............: 125 120 96 11.10 11.55 1,388 1,386 100
Iowa ...............: 470 435 93 11.75 11.95 5,523 5,198 94
Kansas .............: 80 87 109 10.80 11.60 864 1,009 117
Michigan ...........: 54 54 100 11.10 11.30 599 610 102
Minnesota ..........: 265 275 104 12.10 12.25 3,207 3,369 105
Missouri ...........: 225 220 98 11.10 11.20 2,498 2,464 99
Nebraska ...........: 180 180 100 11.40 11.90 2,052 2,142 104
North Carolina .....: 405 400 99 11.00 11.35 4,455 4,540 102
:
Ohio ...............: 93 92 99 11.30 11.20 1,051 1,030 98
Oklahoma ...........: 205 190 93 10.70 11.10 2,194 2,109 96
Pennsylvania .......: 47 48 102 11.45 12.00 538 576 107
South Dakota .......: 141 164 116 12.90 12.90 1,819 2,116 116
Texas ..............: 74 64 86 11.20 11.10 829 710 86
Utah ...............: 16 17 106 10.90 9.70 174 165 95
:
Other States 2/ ....: 224 223 100 10.98 11.17 2,457 2,487 101
:
United States ......: 2,941 2,944 100 11.36 11.56 33,414 34,021 102
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold.
2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2022-2024
[May not add due to rounding]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2023 as
: 2022 : 2023 : 2024 2/ : percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : percent
: : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2022
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent
:
Colorado ...........: 65 63 73 116 10.10 10.40 657 655 100
Illinois ...........: 270 295 305 103 10.75 11.60 2,903 3,422 118
Indiana ............: 125 135 125 93 10.85 11.50 1,356 1,553 115
Iowa ...............: 520 480 460 96 11.65 11.80 6,058 5,664 93
Kansas .............: 85 87 74 85 10.95 11.20 931 974 105
Michigan ...........: 55 55 55 100 10.90 11.10 600 611 102
Minnesota ..........: 265 270 265 98 12.10 12.10 3,207 3,267 102
Missouri ...........: 240 225 215 96 10.70 12.20 2,568 2,745 107
Nebraska ...........: 185 185 180 97 11.25 11.80 2,081 2,183 105
North Carolina .....: 435 420 400 95 10.85 11.30 4,720 4,746 101
:
Ohio ...............: 95 100 96 96 11.40 11.50 1,083 1,150 106
Oklahoma ...........: 220 205 190 93 10.20 11.00 2,244 2,255 100
Pennsylvania .......: 48 52 50 96 11.60 11.60 557 603 108
South Dakota .......: 144 148 170 115 12.60 12.60 1,814 1,865 103
Texas ..............: 81 82 66 80 9.40 11.40 761 935 123
Utah ...............: 32 15 15 100 13.80 11.00 442 165 37
:
Other States 3/ ....: 217 223 224 100 10.76 11.22 2,337 2,502 107
:
United States ......: 3,082 3,040 2,963 97 11.13 11.61 34,319 35,295 103
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold.
2/ Intentions.
3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2022-2024
[May not add due to rounding]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2023 as
: 2022 : 2023 : 2024 2/ : percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : percent
: : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2022
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent
:
Colorado ...........: 60 62 75 121 10.10 10.50 606 651 107
Illinois ...........: 290 295 310 105 10.75 11.40 3,118 3,363 108
Indiana ............: 130 125 125 100 10.95 11.70 1,424 1,463 103
Iowa ...............: 535 455 450 99 11.55 11.80 6,179 5,369 87
Kansas .............: 81 83 80 96 10.90 11.35 883 942 107
Michigan ...........: 56 57 54 95 11.10 11.40 622 650 105
Minnesota ..........: 280 280 265 95 12.00 12.05 3,360 3,374 100
Missouri ...........: 230 210 215 102 11.25 11.70 2,588 2,457 95
Nebraska ...........: 190 185 175 95 11.50 11.85 2,185 2,192 100
North Carolina .....: 420 410 390 95 11.15 11.55 4,683 4,736 101
:
Ohio ...............: 95 98 92 94 11.30 11.20 1,074 1,098 102
Oklahoma ...........: 220 200 185 93 10.80 11.20 2,376 2,240 94
Pennsylvania .......: 46 49 49 100 11.50 11.90 529 583 110
South Dakota .......: 143 154 170 110 12.10 12.70 1,730 1,956 113
Texas ..............: 80 72 66 92 10.00 12.00 800 864 108
Utah ...............: 15 13 18 138 11.50 11.00 173 143 83
:
Other States 3/ ....: 221 214 226 106 10.73 11.50 2,371 2,457 104
:
United States ......: 3,092 2,962 2,945 99 11.22 11.66 34,701 34,538 100
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold.
2/ Intentions.
3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Statistical Methodology
Survey Procedures: A random sample of 4,524 United States producers was
surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that
all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in
the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations.
During the first half of June 2024, data were collected from about 2,900
operations. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting,
mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when
operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of June 1,
2024.
Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the
Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis
submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were
reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past
years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous
inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts
the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending
inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for
reasonableness.
Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter
to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are
subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates
are reviewed from all quarters of the current year, all quarters of the
previous year, and December two years prior. The reviews are primarily based
on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed
after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture
are available. No revisions will be made after that date.
Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the
sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results
are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and
mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of
these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid
quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review
of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness.
To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this
report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the
following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based
on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and
final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates
over the past 20 quarters is 1.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out
of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate
of 74.5 million head by more than 1.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that
the difference will not exceed 2.8 percent.
Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates
[Based on data for the previous 20 quarters]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate
: square error : confidence : : : : :
: : level :-------------------------------------------------------------
Item : : : : : : Quarters
: : : : : :-------------------------------
: : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number -----
:
All hogs and pigs.............: 1.6 2.8 967 15 2,350 11 9
:
Pig crop......................: 1.9 3.3 532 0 1,211 13 6
:
Expected farrowings :
:
Second intentions ..........: 2.4 4.1 56 2 189 13 7
:
First intentions ...........: 2.4 4.1 62 2 182 9 11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present
[This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market
hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head year year
:
All hogs and pigs :
March 1.....................: 76,104 2020 1988
June 1......................: 77,514 2020 1964
September 1.................: 78,963 2019 1988
December 1..................: 83,741 1943 1866
:
Market :
March 1.....................: 69,629 2020 1988
June 1......................: 71,038 2020 1964
September 1.................: 72,503 2019 1988
December 1..................: 70,846 2020 1963
:
Pig crop :
December-February1/ ........: 34,919 2020 1970
March-May...................: 34,595 2019 1970
June-August.................: 36,370 2019 1970
September-November..........: 34,987 2020 1970
:
: number year year
:
Pigs per litter :
December-February1/ ........: 11.53 2024 1970
March-May...................: 11.56 2024 1970
June-August.................: 11.61 2023 1970
September-November..........: 11.66 2023 1970
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ December preceding year.
Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics
Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov.
Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ....................................................... (202) 692-0069
Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ......................................................... (202) 690-2424
Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter .................................................... (202) 690-8632
Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ........................................................ (202) 720-3040
Kim DaPra - Milk Production and Milk Cows (512) 501-3266 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products.. (202) 690-3347
Anthony Fischer - Hogs and Pigs............................................................. (202) 720-3106
Suzanne Richards - Sheep and Goats ......................................................... (202) 720-4448
Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following
ways:
All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web
site: www.nass.usda.gov.
Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-
mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit
www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right
corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports
you would like to receive.
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For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural
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nass@usda.gov.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against
its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race,
color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion,
reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial
or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
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and/or employment activities.)
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination,
complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online
at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer,
or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may
also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form.
Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department
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S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at
program.intake@usda.gov.