Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released June 27, 2024, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up 1 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on June 1, 2024 was 74.5 million head. This was up 1 percent from June 1, 2023, and up slightly from March 1, 2024. Breeding inventory, at 6.01 million head, was down 3 percent from last year, and down slightly from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 68.5 million head, was up 2 percent from last year, and up slightly from last quarter. The March-May 2024 pig crop, at 34.0 million head, was up 2 percent from 2023. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 2.94 million head, up slightly from 2023. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 49 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was 11.56 for the March-May period, compared to 11.36 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 2.96 million sows farrow during the June-August 2024 quarter, down 3 percent from the actual farrowings during the same period one year earlier, and down 4 percent from the same period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for September-November 2024, at 2.94 million sows, are down 1 percent from the same period one year earlier, and down 5 percent from the same period two years earlier. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 52 percent of the total United States hog inventory, up 1 percent from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for June 2023 through March 2024 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The revision made to the March 2024 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.3 percent. The net revision made to the December 2023 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.7 percent. A net revision of 0.2 percent was made to the September 2023-November 2023 pig crop. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13. This report was approved on June 27, 2024. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Seth Meyer Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Lance Honig Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2023 and 2024................. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2022-2024................................... 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2023 and 2024..... 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024................... 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024........................ 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024.................... 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024......................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023............... 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023.................... 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023................ 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023..................... 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2023 and 2024.. 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2023 and 2024.......... 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2022-2024............ 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2022-2024..... 11 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................... 12 Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates..................................................................... 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present........................................................ 13 Information Contacts....................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2024 as Item : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 74,136 74,321 100 Kept for breeding...................: 6,146 6,016 98 Market..............................: 67,990 68,306 100 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 20,444 20,749 101 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,049 19,363 102 120-179 pounds......................: 15,749 15,754 100 180 pounds and over.................: 12,748 12,440 98 : June 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 73,551 74,486 101 Kept for breeding...................: 6,206 6,008 97 Market..............................: 67,345 68,479 102 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,284 21,589 101 50-119 pounds.......................: 18,982 19,208 101 120-179 pounds......................: 14,344 14,630 102 180 pounds and over.................: 12,735 13,052 102 : September 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 76,133 Kept for breeding...................: 6,179 Market..............................: 69,954 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 22,542 50-119 pounds.......................: 20,505 120-179 pounds......................: 14,492 180 pounds and over.................: 12,415 : December 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 75,461 Kept for breeding...................: 5,999 Market..............................: 69,463 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,571 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,154 120-179 pounds......................: 14,908 180 pounds and over.................: 13,829 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2022-2024 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2024 as percent of : : : :------------------------- Item : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2022 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ---- percent --- Sows farrowing : December-February ......: 2,919 2,952 2,875 99 97 March-May ..............: 2,967 2,941 2,944 99 100 December-May 1/ ........: 5,886 5,893 5,819 99 99 : June-August 2/ .........: 3,082 3,040 2,963 96 97 September-November 2/ ..: 3,092 2,962 2,945 95 99 June-November 1/ 2/ ....: 6,174 6,002 5,907 96 98 : Pig crop : December-February ......: 31,947 32,537 33,148 104 102 March-May ..............: 32,635 33,414 34,021 104 102 December-May 1/ ........: 64,582 65,951 67,168 104 102 : June-August ............: 34,319 35,295 September-November .....: 34,701 34,538 June-November 1/ .......: 69,019 69,833 : : : ------------ number ----------- ---- percent --- : Pigs per litter : December-February ......: 10.95 11.02 11.53 105 105 March-May ..............: 11.00 11.36 11.56 105 102 December-May ...........: 10.97 11.19 11.54 105 103 : June-August ............: 11.13 11.61 September-November .....: 11.22 11.66 June-November ..........: 11.18 11.64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Intentions for 2024. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2023 and 2024 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December........: 995 969 11.09 11.58 11,035 11,229 January.........: 996 954 10.83 11.52 10,784 10,993 February........: 961 952 11.15 11.48 10,718 10,926 March...........: 997 994 11.20 11.51 11,174 11,437 April...........: 975 974 11.43 11.52 11,138 11,220 May.............: 969 976 11.46 11.64 11,102 11,363 June............: 1,040 11.47 11,930 July............: 1,003 11.67 11,709 August..........: 997 11.69 11,656 September.......: 1,011 11.56 11,686 October.........: 987 11.66 11,507 November........: 964 11.77 11,344 : Total...........: 11,894 11.42 135,784 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 140 170 121 440 440 100 580 610 105 Illinois ........: 650 670 103 4,800 4,880 102 5,450 5,550 102 Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,150 4,150 100 4,400 4,400 100 Iowa ............: 900 820 91 22,900 24,280 106 23,800 25,100 105 Kansas ..........: 150 175 117 1,710 1,795 105 1,860 1,970 106 Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,125 1,075 96 1,240 1,190 96 Minnesota .......: 500 480 96 8,700 8,520 98 9,200 9,000 98 Missouri ........: 470 425 90 2,880 2,825 98 3,350 3,250 97 Nebraska ........: 395 400 101 3,205 3,350 105 3,600 3,750 104 North Carolina ..: 790 760 96 7,310 6,640 91 8,100 7,400 91 : Ohio ............: 200 180 90 2,500 2,270 91 2,700 2,450 91 Oklahoma ........: 480 470 98 1,660 1,590 96 2,140 2,060 96 Pennsylvania ....: 135 150 111 1,185 1,310 111 1,320 1,460 111 South Dakota ....: 305 325 107 1,805 1,955 108 2,110 2,280 108 Texas ...........: 170 135 79 1,010 895 89 1,180 1,030 87 Utah ............: 35 35 100 255 55 22 290 90 31 : Other States 1/ .: 461 456 99 2,355 2,276 97 2,816 2,731 97 : United States ...: 6,146 6,016 98 67,990 68,306 100 74,136 74,321 100 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 225 230 90 80 55 55 70 75 Illinois ........: 1,335 1,460 1,580 1,560 1,135 1,140 750 720 Indiana .........: 1,090 1,070 1,220 1,250 1,000 1,030 840 800 Iowa ............: 5,420 5,830 7,240 7,650 5,930 6,160 4,310 4,640 Kansas ..........: 410 450 385 435 355 385 560 525 Michigan ........: 330 330 305 295 250 220 240 230 Minnesota .......: 2,610 2,630 2,660 2,680 2,040 2,010 1,390 1,200 Missouri ........: 1,310 1,245 530 585 650 660 390 335 Nebraska ........: 1,010 1,135 910 930 750 780 535 505 North Carolina ..: 2,730 2,600 1,580 1,460 1,570 1,350 1,430 1,230 : Ohio ............: 705 630 630 600 580 520 585 520 Oklahoma ........: 820 780 310 280 225 200 305 330 Pennsylvania ....: 325 360 355 395 265 300 240 255 South Dakota ....: 740 775 405 455 300 350 360 375 Texas ...........: 335 260 265 220 160 170 250 245 Utah ............: 105 35 55 6 45 7 50 7 : Other States 1/ .: 944 929 529 482 439 417 443 448 : United States ...: 20,444 20,749 19,049 19,363 15,749 15,754 12,748 12,440 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 145 165 114 435 485 111 580 650 112 Illinois ........: 670 660 99 4,780 5,040 105 5,450 5,700 105 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 4,190 4,150 99 4,450 4,400 99 Iowa ............: 910 820 90 22,990 23,780 103 23,900 24,600 103 Kansas ..........: 155 170 110 1,755 1,830 104 1,910 2,000 105 Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,125 1,085 96 1,240 1,200 97 Minnesota .......: 520 500 96 8,380 8,700 104 8,900 9,200 103 Missouri ........: 455 415 91 2,795 2,935 105 3,250 3,350 103 Nebraska ........: 400 390 98 3,350 3,260 97 3,750 3,650 97 North Carolina ..: 800 770 96 7,000 6,830 98 7,800 7,600 97 : Ohio ............: 190 180 95 2,410 2,270 94 2,600 2,450 94 Oklahoma ........: 470 480 102 1,710 1,600 94 2,180 2,080 95 Pennsylvania ....: 140 145 104 1,210 1,295 107 1,350 1,440 107 South Dakota ....: 315 335 106 1,885 1,945 103 2,200 2,280 104 Texas ...........: 180 130 72 950 950 100 1,130 1,080 96 Utah ............: 30 35 117 255 75 29 285 110 39 : Other States 1/ .: 451 448 99 2,125 2,249 106 2,576 2,696 105 : United States ...: 6,206 6,008 97 67,345 68,479 102 73,551 74,486 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 200 240 100 100 60 70 75 75 Illinois ........: 1,340 1,500 1,610 1,620 1,040 1,140 790 780 Indiana .........: 1,080 1,050 1,260 1,230 980 970 870 900 Iowa ............: 6,150 6,250 7,130 7,420 5,300 5,480 4,410 4,630 Kansas ..........: 450 450 405 450 350 360 550 570 Michigan ........: 340 335 300 290 235 225 250 235 Minnesota .......: 2,850 2,890 2,590 2,720 1,600 1,660 1,340 1,430 Missouri ........: 1,290 1,310 540 570 610 665 355 390 Nebraska ........: 1,070 1,040 950 880 750 730 580 610 North Carolina ..: 2,720 2,720 1,530 1,460 1,420 1,350 1,330 1,300 : Ohio ............: 690 620 610 580 560 520 550 550 Oklahoma ........: 840 770 360 330 195 200 315 300 Pennsylvania ....: 315 365 385 390 290 300 220 240 South Dakota ....: 755 815 410 425 345 340 375 365 Texas ...........: 265 285 275 250 165 195 245 220 Utah ............: 105 53 55 7 45 8 50 7 : Other States 1/ .: 824 896 472 486 399 417 430 450 : United States ...: 21,284 21,589 18,982 19,208 14,344 14,630 12,735 13,052 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2023 as: : :2023 as: : :2023 as : 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent : : :of 2022: : :of 2022: : :of 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 135 140 104 365 470 129 500 610 122 Illinois ........: 600 670 112 4,650 4,830 104 5,250 5,500 105 Indiana .........: 260 270 104 4,140 4,330 105 4,400 4,600 105 Iowa ............: 950 900 95 22,650 24,000 106 23,600 24,900 106 Kansas ..........: 170 175 103 1,760 1,815 103 1,930 1,990 103 Michigan ........: 110 115 105 1,100 1,165 106 1,210 1,280 106 Minnesota .......: 520 510 98 8,480 8,590 101 9,000 9,100 101 Missouri ........: 430 420 98 2,920 3,030 104 3,350 3,450 103 Nebraska ........: 420 410 98 3,130 3,390 108 3,550 3,800 107 North Carolina ..: 820 800 98 7,580 7,300 96 8,400 8,100 96 : Ohio ............: 200 200 100 2,500 2,500 100 2,700 2,700 100 Oklahoma ........: 510 460 90 1,760 1,800 102 2,270 2,260 100 Pennsylvania ....: 145 145 100 1,215 1,295 107 1,360 1,440 106 South Dakota ....: 305 320 105 1,795 1,900 106 2,100 2,220 106 Texas ...........: 170 160 94 1,050 1,050 100 1,220 1,210 99 Utah ............: 55 30 55 765 260 34 820 290 35 : Other States 1/ .: 452 454 100 2,413 2,229 92 2,865 2,683 94 : United States ...: 6,252 6,179 99 68,273 69,954 102 74,525 76,133 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 195 210 55 110 40 65 75 85 Illinois ........: 1,330 1,425 1,550 1,515 955 1,090 815 800 Indiana .........: 1,120 1,120 1,220 1,330 900 1,000 900 880 Iowa ............: 6,000 6,430 7,610 8,140 5,210 5,230 3,830 4,200 Kansas ..........: 445 490 440 430 350 355 525 540 Michigan ........: 340 355 300 320 235 240 225 250 Minnesota .......: 2,840 2,960 2,820 2,790 1,640 1,710 1,180 1,130 Missouri ........: 1,330 1,310 540 620 650 680 400 420 Nebraska ........: 1,090 1,130 840 960 680 720 520 580 North Carolina ..: 3,080 2,990 1,630 1,570 1,440 1,390 1,430 1,350 : Ohio ............: 790 760 630 650 540 530 540 560 Oklahoma ........: 880 885 380 385 200 240 300 290 Pennsylvania ....: 340 370 360 410 290 310 225 205 South Dakota ....: 785 780 365 420 295 320 350 380 Texas ...........: 375 370 250 300 170 150 255 230 Utah ............: 230 95 180 60 180 50 175 55 : Other States 1/ .: 943 862 507 495 468 412 495 460 : United States ...: 22,113 22,542 19,677 20,505 14,243 14,492 12,240 12,415 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2023 as: : :2023 as: : :2023 as : 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent : : :of 2022: : :of 2022: : :of 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 145 140 97 385 460 119 530 600 113 Illinois ........: 650 630 97 4,850 4,870 100 5,500 5,500 100 Indiana .........: 270 270 100 4,180 4,230 101 4,450 4,500 101 Iowa ............: 930 750 81 23,170 24,250 105 24,100 25,000 104 Kansas ..........: 175 170 97 1,735 1,800 104 1,910 1,970 103 Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,145 1,165 102 1,260 1,280 102 Minnesota .......: 490 510 104 8,510 8,790 103 9,000 9,300 103 Missouri ........: 440 430 98 2,910 2,670 92 3,350 3,100 93 Nebraska ........: 410 400 98 3,190 3,400 107 3,600 3,800 106 North Carolina ..: 800 780 98 7,500 7,120 95 8,300 7,900 95 : Ohio ............: 200 190 95 2,550 2,410 95 2,750 2,600 95 Oklahoma ........: 490 485 99 1,690 1,635 97 2,180 2,120 97 Pennsylvania ....: 135 160 119 1,225 1,300 106 1,360 1,460 107 South Dakota ....: 300 345 115 1,810 1,955 108 2,110 2,300 109 Texas ...........: 160 150 94 1,070 990 93 1,230 1,140 93 Utah ............: 35 30 86 475 175 37 510 205 40 : Other States 1/ .: 459 444 97 2,357 2,243 95 2,816 2,686 95 : United States ...: 6,204 5,999 97 68,752 69,463 101 74,956 75,461 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 200 205 75 100 45 65 65 90 Illinois ........: 1,380 1,455 1,630 1,530 1,015 1,070 825 815 Indiana .........: 1,060 1,080 1,220 1,260 980 960 920 930 Iowa ............: 6,110 6,310 7,130 7,480 5,580 5,700 4,350 4,760 Kansas ..........: 420 450 420 420 320 360 575 570 Michigan ........: 350 340 315 305 235 250 245 270 Minnesota .......: 2,910 2,890 2,530 2,660 1,660 1,730 1,410 1,510 Missouri ........: 1,300 1,160 560 490 640 630 410 390 Nebraska ........: 1,060 1,130 880 890 730 770 520 610 North Carolina ..: 2,950 2,760 1,700 1,520 1,430 1,370 1,420 1,470 : Ohio ............: 730 710 660 550 560 520 600 630 Oklahoma ........: 830 740 320 345 230 210 310 340 Pennsylvania ....: 330 355 380 410 290 280 225 255 South Dakota ....: 740 790 410 420 310 350 350 395 Texas ...........: 380 270 270 270 200 170 220 280 Utah ............: 120 55 115 40 120 40 120 40 : Other States 1/ .: 918 871 519 464 456 433 464 474 : United States ...: 21,788 21,571 19,134 19,154 14,801 14,908 13,029 13,829 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2023 and 2024 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2024 as State : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 60 64 107 9.90 10.00 594 640 108 Illinois ...........: 280 300 107 10.60 11.00 2,968 3,300 111 Indiana ............: 125 120 96 11.25 11.30 1,406 1,356 96 Iowa ...............: 480 430 90 11.45 11.80 5,496 5,074 92 Kansas .............: 80 84 105 10.25 11.55 820 970 118 Michigan ...........: 55 53 96 10.70 11.40 589 604 103 Minnesota ..........: 260 260 100 11.95 12.20 3,107 3,172 102 Missouri ...........: 230 215 93 10.60 11.30 2,438 2,430 100 Nebraska ...........: 180 190 106 11.25 12.10 2,025 2,299 114 North Carolina .....: 410 385 94 10.70 11.15 4,387 4,293 98 : Ohio ...............: 90 88 98 10.70 11.45 963 1,008 105 Oklahoma ...........: 205 185 90 10.15 10.90 2,081 2,017 97 Pennsylvania .......: 47 46 98 11.40 11.80 536 543 101 South Dakota .......: 142 161 113 12.80 12.80 1,818 2,061 113 Texas ..............: 73 66 90 11.40 11.70 832 772 93 Utah ...............: 14 12 86 9.60 11.90 134 143 107 : Other States 2/ ....: 221 216 98 10.61 11.39 2,343 2,466 105 : United States ......: 2,952 2,875 97 11.02 11.53 32,537 33,148 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2024 as : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 62 75 121 10.40 10.20 645 765 119 Illinois ...........: 275 300 109 11.35 11.15 3,121 3,345 107 Indiana ............: 125 120 96 11.10 11.55 1,388 1,386 100 Iowa ...............: 470 435 93 11.75 11.95 5,523 5,198 94 Kansas .............: 80 87 109 10.80 11.60 864 1,009 117 Michigan ...........: 54 54 100 11.10 11.30 599 610 102 Minnesota ..........: 265 275 104 12.10 12.25 3,207 3,369 105 Missouri ...........: 225 220 98 11.10 11.20 2,498 2,464 99 Nebraska ...........: 180 180 100 11.40 11.90 2,052 2,142 104 North Carolina .....: 405 400 99 11.00 11.35 4,455 4,540 102 : Ohio ...............: 93 92 99 11.30 11.20 1,051 1,030 98 Oklahoma ...........: 205 190 93 10.70 11.10 2,194 2,109 96 Pennsylvania .......: 47 48 102 11.45 12.00 538 576 107 South Dakota .......: 141 164 116 12.90 12.90 1,819 2,116 116 Texas ..............: 74 64 86 11.20 11.10 829 710 86 Utah ...............: 16 17 106 10.90 9.70 174 165 95 : Other States 2/ ....: 224 223 100 10.98 11.17 2,457 2,487 101 : United States ......: 2,941 2,944 100 11.36 11.56 33,414 34,021 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2022-2024 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2023 as : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 2/ : percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : percent : : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 65 63 73 116 10.10 10.40 657 655 100 Illinois ...........: 270 295 305 103 10.75 11.60 2,903 3,422 118 Indiana ............: 125 135 125 93 10.85 11.50 1,356 1,553 115 Iowa ...............: 520 480 460 96 11.65 11.80 6,058 5,664 93 Kansas .............: 85 87 74 85 10.95 11.20 931 974 105 Michigan ...........: 55 55 55 100 10.90 11.10 600 611 102 Minnesota ..........: 265 270 265 98 12.10 12.10 3,207 3,267 102 Missouri ...........: 240 225 215 96 10.70 12.20 2,568 2,745 107 Nebraska ...........: 185 185 180 97 11.25 11.80 2,081 2,183 105 North Carolina .....: 435 420 400 95 10.85 11.30 4,720 4,746 101 : Ohio ...............: 95 100 96 96 11.40 11.50 1,083 1,150 106 Oklahoma ...........: 220 205 190 93 10.20 11.00 2,244 2,255 100 Pennsylvania .......: 48 52 50 96 11.60 11.60 557 603 108 South Dakota .......: 144 148 170 115 12.60 12.60 1,814 1,865 103 Texas ..............: 81 82 66 80 9.40 11.40 761 935 123 Utah ...............: 32 15 15 100 13.80 11.00 442 165 37 : Other States 3/ ....: 217 223 224 100 10.76 11.22 2,337 2,502 107 : United States ......: 3,082 3,040 2,963 97 11.13 11.61 34,319 35,295 103 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2022-2024 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2023 as : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 2/ : percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : percent : : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 60 62 75 121 10.10 10.50 606 651 107 Illinois ...........: 290 295 310 105 10.75 11.40 3,118 3,363 108 Indiana ............: 130 125 125 100 10.95 11.70 1,424 1,463 103 Iowa ...............: 535 455 450 99 11.55 11.80 6,179 5,369 87 Kansas .............: 81 83 80 96 10.90 11.35 883 942 107 Michigan ...........: 56 57 54 95 11.10 11.40 622 650 105 Minnesota ..........: 280 280 265 95 12.00 12.05 3,360 3,374 100 Missouri ...........: 230 210 215 102 11.25 11.70 2,588 2,457 95 Nebraska ...........: 190 185 175 95 11.50 11.85 2,185 2,192 100 North Carolina .....: 420 410 390 95 11.15 11.55 4,683 4,736 101 : Ohio ...............: 95 98 92 94 11.30 11.20 1,074 1,098 102 Oklahoma ...........: 220 200 185 93 10.80 11.20 2,376 2,240 94 Pennsylvania .......: 46 49 49 100 11.50 11.90 529 583 110 South Dakota .......: 143 154 170 110 12.10 12.70 1,730 1,956 113 Texas ..............: 80 72 66 92 10.00 12.00 800 864 108 Utah ...............: 15 13 18 138 11.50 11.00 173 143 83 : Other States 3/ ....: 221 214 226 106 10.73 11.50 2,371 2,457 104 : United States ......: 3,092 2,962 2,945 99 11.22 11.66 34,701 34,538 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of 4,524 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of June 2024, data were collected from about 2,900 operations. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of June 1, 2024. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates are reviewed from all quarters of the current year, all quarters of the previous year, and December two years prior. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 74.5 million head by more than 1.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.8 percent. Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous 20 quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Quarters : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs.............: 1.6 2.8 967 15 2,350 11 9 : Pig crop......................: 1.9 3.3 532 0 1,211 13 6 : Expected farrowings : : Second intentions ..........: 2.4 4.1 56 2 189 13 7 : First intentions ...........: 2.4 4.1 62 2 182 9 11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1.....................: 76,104 2020 1988 June 1......................: 77,514 2020 1964 September 1.................: 78,963 2019 1988 December 1..................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1.....................: 69,629 2020 1988 June 1......................: 71,038 2020 1964 September 1.................: 72,503 2019 1988 December 1..................: 70,846 2020 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 34,919 2020 1970 March-May...................: 34,595 2019 1970 June-August.................: 36,370 2019 1970 September-November..........: 34,987 2020 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 11.53 2024 1970 March-May...................: 11.56 2024 1970 June-August.................: 11.61 2023 1970 September-November..........: 11.66 2023 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ....................................................... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ......................................................... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter .................................................... (202) 690-8632 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ........................................................ (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk Production and Milk Cows (512) 501-3266 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products.. (202) 690-3347 Anthony Fischer - Hogs and Pigs............................................................. (202) 720-3106 Suzanne Richards - Sheep and Goats ......................................................... 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